Migration, Integration, Asylum: Political Developments in Germany 2015

Der Bericht über die politischen Entwicklungen in Deutschland 2015 der deutschen nationalen Kontaktstelle für das Europäische Migrationsnetzwerk (EMN) gibt einen Überblick über die wichtigsten politischen Diskussionen und Entwicklungen in den Bereichen Migration, Integration und Asyl. Zentrale migrations-, integrations- und asylpolitische Themen des Jahres 2015 waren die massiv gestiegene Asylmigration und der Umgang damit. Wichtige Punkte der Debatte waren dabei Willkommensinitiativen und Unterstützungsnetzwerke für Schutzsuchende, Übergriffe auf und fremdenfeindliche Stimmungsmache gegen Schutzsuchende und ihre Unterkünfte, Migranten und Muslime, Grenzkontrollen, Grenzsicherung, Grenzschließung und Obergrenzen, Verschärfung des Asylrechts für einzelne Herkunftsgruppen und Erleichterungen für andere sowie die Integration von Schutzsuchenden in die deutsche Gesellschaft. Dabei nimmt der Bericht auch Bezug auf Maßnahmen, die die Bundesrepublik Deutschland zur Umsetzung des Gesamtansatzes für Migration und Mobilität, der EU-Strategie zur Bekämpfung des Menschenhandels sowie der Europäischen Agenda zur Integration von Drittstaatsangehörigen getroffen hat. Diese Maßnahmen werden durch weitere Gesetze und Initiativen der Bundesregierung in den Bereichen Migration, Integration und Asyl ergänzt. Zudem stellt der Bericht die allgemeine Struktur des politischen und rechtlichen Systems in den Bereichen Migration, Integration und Asyl in Deutschland dar und skizziert die wichtigsten politischen und institutionellen Veränderungen im Jahr 2015 in den genannten Politikbereichen. Der Politikbericht 2015 ist im Rahmen des Europäischen Migrationsnetzwerkes (EMN) bearbeitet worden.The 2015 Policy Report of the German National Contact Point for the European Migration Network (EMN) gives an overview over the most important political discussions and developments in the areas of migration, integration and asylum in the Federal Republic of Germany in the year 2015. The jump in asylum migration and how to deal with it was the central migration, integration and asylum issue in 2015. The discussion focused on the following points: Welcome initiatives and support networks for asylum seekers; attacks on and xenophobic voices against asylum seekers and their accommodation, migrants and Muslims; border controls, border protection, border closing and caps; stricter asylum rules for groups from certain countries of origin and relief for others and the integration of asylum seekers into the German society. The report refers specifically to measures taken by the Federal Republic of Germany to implement the Global Approach to Migration and Mobility, the EU Strategy towards the Eradication of Trafficking in Human Beings and the European Agenda for the Integration of Third-Country Nationals. The report also describes the general structure of the political and legal system in Germany. The 2015 Policy Report was authored as part of the European Migration Network (EMN)

Migration, Integration, Asylum: Political Developments in Germany 2014

Der Bericht über die politischen Entwicklungen in Deutschland 2014 der deutschen nationalen Kontaktstelle für das Europäische Migrationsnetzwerk (EMN) gibt einen Überblick über die wichtigsten politischen Diskussionen und Entwicklungen in den Bereichen Migration, Integration und Asyl. Zentrale migrations-, integrations- und asylpolitische Debatten des Jahres 2014 betrafen die Themen steigende Asylbewerberzahlen und die politischen Reaktionen darauf, Flüchtlingsproteste, die Erweiterung der Liste sicherer Herkunftsstaaten sowie die Optionspflicht und die Akzeptanz der doppelten Staatsangehörigkeit. Besonders befasst sich der Bericht mit Maßnahmen, welche die Bundesrepublik Deutschland zur Umsetzung des Gesamtansatzes für Migration und Mobilität, der EU-Aktion gegen Migrationsdruck, der EU-Strategie zur Bekämpfung des Menschenhandels sowie der Europäischen Agenda zur Integration von Drittstaatsangehörigen getroffen hat. Diese Maßnahmen werden durch weitere Gesetze und Initiativen der Bundesregierung in den Bereichen Migration, Integration und Asyl ergänzt. Zudem stellt der Bericht die allgemeine Struktur des politischen und rechtlichen Systems in Deutschland dar und skizziert die wichtigsten politischen und institutionellen Veränderungen im Jahr 2014 in den genannten Politikbereichen.The 2014 Policy Report of the German National Contact Point for the European Migration Network (EMN) gives an overview over the most important political discussions and developments in the areas of migration, integration and asylum in the Federal Republic of Germany in the year 2014. The key debates on migration, integration and asylum of the year 2014 referred to issues like the rising number of applications for asylum and its accompanying political debates, to protests by refugees, the extension of the list of safe countries of origin and to the obligation to opt for one nationality and the acceptance of dual citizenship. The Report refers specifically to measures Germany has undertaken to implement the Global Approach to Migration and Mobility, EU Action on Migratory Pressures, the EU Strategy towards the Eradication of Trafficking in Human Beings and the European Agenda for the Integration of Third-Country Nationals. These measures are supplemented by additional laws and initiatives adopted by the Federal Government in the areas of migration, integration and asylum. Furthermore, the report explains the general structure of the political and legal system in Germany and outlines the most important political and institutional changes in the mentioned policies that took place in 2014

Sports Activity After Short-Stem Hip Arthroplasty

Background: No data are available about the sports activity of patients with bone-conserving short-stem hip implants. Hypothesis: Patients can return to a good level of sports activity after implantation of a short-stem hip implant. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The sports activity level of 68 patients (76 hips) after short-stem hip arthroplasty was assessed for a minimum of 2 years after implantation. In addition to the clinical examination, a detailed evaluation of the patients’ sports pattern was obtained. Furthermore, the results were analyzed with regard to gender (female and male) and age (55 years). Results: After a mean of 2.7 years, patients showed a Harris Hip Score (HHS) of 93.6, a Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score of 9.5, and a University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) activity score of 7.6, with each individual participating on average in 3.5 different disciplines after surgery compared with 3.9 before surgery. High-impact activities decreased significantly postoperatively, whereas low-impact activities increased significantly. The duration of the sports activities remained stable, while the frequency actually increased. In contrast, men participated preoperatively in more sports than women (4.3 men vs 3.3 women). However, because of a pronounced decrease in high-impact activities by men, both genders participated in an equal number of sports postoperatively (3.5 men vs 3.5 women). Finally, 45% (n = 31) reported at least one activity that they missed. Most of them were disciplines with an intermediate- or high-impact level. Conclusion: Patients with a short-stem hip implant can return to a good level of activity postoperatively. Participation in sports almost reached similar levels as preoperatively but with a shift from high- to low-impact activities. This seems desirable from a surgeon’s point of view but should also be communicated to the patient before hip replacemen

Databases and bioinformatical tools for the optimisation of biotechnological processes in funghi

Die Etablierung des filamentösen Pilzes Aspergillus niger als Wirtsorganismus für rekombinante Proteinproduktion ist ein Ziel, das innerhalb des Sonderforschungsbereiches 578 „Vom Gen zum Produkt“ verfolgt wird. Für die Verwaltung und Analyse experimenteller Daten wurde im Rahmen dieser Arbeit eine Computerschnittstelle geschaffen, mit der die verschiedenen experimentellen Ebenen integriert werden können. Um vergleichende Analysen zwischen verschiedenen Aspergillus-Spezies durchführen zu können, wurden zusätzlich publizierte Daten von anderen Aspergillus-Spezies integriert. Ein bioinformatisches Werkzeug, das sich mit einem konkreten Problem der rekombinanten Proteinproduktion beschäftigt, wurde mit dem Computerprogramm „JCat“ entwickelt. „JCat“ berechnet und passt gegebenenfalls die „Codon Usage“ eines Gens an die „Codon Usage“ des Wirtsorganismus an, mit dessen Hilfe das Zielprotein produziert werden soll.The utilisation of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger as a host organism for the production of recombinant proteins is one of the aims of the Collaborative Research Center SFB 578 “From Gene to Product“. For the storage and the analysis of the experimental data a computational framework was created, which integrates the different experimental sections. The published data of other Aspergillus species was added to make allowance for comparative investigations between different Aspergilli. The program “JCat“, which was developed during this work, deals with a concrete problem during recombinant protein production . “JCat“ calculates and adapts if neccessary the codon usage of a gene to the codon usage of the host organism in which the protein is thought to be synthesised

Boundaries for career success? How work–home integration and perceived supervisor expectation affect careers

The necessity to actively manage the work–home boundaries has drastically increased. We postulate that work–home integration may affect individuals' subjective career success via its positive effects on work goal attainment and exhaustion. Furthermore, we study perceived supervisor expectation for employee work–home integration as a boundary condition. Our three-wave online survey with 371 employees showed support for the two hypothesized moderated mediation effects. Work–home integration preference is indirectly related to subjective career success: (1) positively via home-to-work transitions and work goal attainment and (2) negatively via home-to-work transitions and exhaustion. Perceived supervisor expectation constrained work–home integration preference's direct effect on home-to-work transitions and indirect effects on subjective career success. Exploratory analysis revealed that exhaustion negatively affected all career success dimensions, whereas work goal attainment was only related to some. Our results indicate that supervisor expectation can override the effect of employee's work–home integration preference on home-to-work transitions which have a double-edged sword effect on subjective career success. Our study contributes to integrating the careers and work–life interface literature and incorporating contextual factors. Furthermore, with the exploration of differential effects on subjective career success, we advance our understanding of this outcome's nomological network

Cost recommendation under uncertainty in IQWiG’s efficiency frontier framework

Background: The National Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) employs an efficiency frontier (EF) framework to facilitate setting maximum reimbursable prices for new interventions. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) is used when yes/no reimbursement decisions are sought based on a fixed threshold. In the IQWiG framework, an additional layer of complexity arises as the EF itself may vary its shape in each PSA iteration, and thus the willingness-to-pay, indicated by the EF segments, may vary. Objectives: To explore the practical problems arising when, within the EF approach, maximum reimbursable prices for new interventions are sought through PSA. Methods: When the EF is varied in a PSA, cost recommendations for new interventions may be determined by the mean or the median of the distances between each intervention’s point estimate and each EF. Implications of using these metrics were explored in a simulation study based on the model used by IQWiG to assess the cost-effectiveness of 4 antidepressants. Results. Depending on the metric used, cost recommendations can be contradictory. Recommendations based on the mean can also be inconsistent. Results (median) suggested that costs of duloxetine, venlafaxine, mirtazapine, and bupropion should be decreased by €131, €29, €12, and €99, respectively. These recommendations were implemented and the analysis repeated. New results suggested keeping the costs as they were. The percentage of acceptable PSA outcomes increased 41% on average, and the uncertainty associated to the net health benefit was significantly reduced. Conclusions: The median of the distances between every intervention outcome and every EF is a good proxy for the cost recommendation that would be given should the EF be fixed. Adjusting costs according to the median increased the probability of acceptance and reduced the uncertainty around the net health benefit distribution, resulting in a reduced uncertainty for decision makers

Migration, Integration, Asyl: politische Entwicklungen in Deutschland 2014

Der Bericht über die politischen Entwicklungen in Deutschland 2014 der deutschen nationalen Kontaktstelle für das Europäische Migrationsnetzwerk (EMN) gibt einen Überblick über die wichtigsten politischen Diskussionen und Entwicklungen in den Bereichen Migration, Integration und Asyl. Zentrale migrations-, integrations- und asylpolitische Debatten des Jahres 2014 betrafen die Themen steigende Asylbewerberzahlen und die politischen Reaktionen darauf, Flüchtlingsproteste, die Erweiterung der Liste sicherer Herkunftsstaaten sowie die Optionspflicht und die Akzeptanz der doppelten Staatsangehörigkeit. Besonders befasst sich der Bericht mit Maßnahmen, welche die Bundesrepublik Deutschland zur Umsetzung des Gesamtansatzes für Migration und Mobilität, der EU-Aktion gegen Migrationsdruck, der EU-Strategie zur Bekämpfung des Menschenhandels sowie der Europäischen Agenda zur Integration von Drittstaatsangehörigen getroffen hat. Diese Maßnahmen werden durch weitere Gesetze und Initiativen der Bundesregierung in den Bereichen Migration, Integration und Asyl ergänzt. Zudem stellt der Bericht die allgemeine Struktur des politischen und rechtlichen Systems in Deutschland dar und skizziert die wichtigsten politischen und institutionellen Veränderungen im Jahr 2014 in den genannten Politikbereichen.The 2014 Policy Report of the German National Contact Point for the European Migration Network (EMN) gives an overview over the most important political discussions and developments in the areas of migration, integration and asylum in the Federal Republic of Germany in the year 2014. The key debates on migration, integration and asylum of the year 2014 referred to issues like the rising number of applications for asylum and its accompanying political debates, to protests by refugees, the extension of the list of safe countries of origin and to the obligation to opt for one nationality and the acceptance of dual citizenship. The Report refers specifically to measures Germany has undertaken to implement the Global Approach to Migration and Mobility, EU Action on Migratory Pressures, the EU Strategy towards the Eradication of Trafficking in Human Beings and the European Agenda for the Integration of Third-Country Nationals. These measures are supplemented by additional laws and initiatives adopted by the Federal Government in the areas of migration, integration and asylum. Furthermore, the report explains the general structure of the political and legal system in Germany and outlines the most important political and institutional changes in the mentioned policies that took place in 2014

Migration, Integration, Asyl: politische Entwicklungen in Deutschland 2015

Der Bericht über die politischen Entwicklungen in Deutschland 2015 der deutschen nationalen Kontaktstelle für das Europäische Migrationsnetzwerk (EMN) gibt einen Überblick über die wichtigsten politischen Diskussionen und Entwicklungen in den Bereichen Migration, Integration und Asyl. Zentrale migrations-, integrations- und asylpolitische Themen des Jahres 2015 waren die massiv gestiegene Asylmigration und der Umgang damit. Wichtige Punkte der Debatte waren dabei Willkommensinitiativen und Unterstützungsnetzwerke für Schutzsuchende, Übergriffe auf und fremdenfeindliche Stimmungsmache gegen Schutzsuchende und ihre Unterkünfte, Migranten und Muslime, Grenzkontrollen, Grenzsicherung, Grenzschließung und Obergrenzen, Verschärfung des Asylrechts für einzelne Herkunftsgruppen und Erleichterungen für andere sowie die Integration von Schutzsuchenden in die deutsche Gesellschaft. Dabei nimmt der Bericht auch Bezug auf Maßnahmen, die die Bundesrepublik Deutschland zur Umsetzung des Gesamtansatzes für Migration und Mobilität, der EU-Strategie zur Bekämpfung des Menschenhandels sowie der Europäischen Agenda zur Integration von Drittstaatsangehörigen getroffen hat. Diese Maßnahmen werden durch weitere Gesetze und Initiativen der Bundesregierung in den Bereichen Migration, Integration und Asyl ergänzt. Zudem stellt der Bericht die allgemeine Struktur des politischen und rechtlichen Systems in den Bereichen Migration, Integration und Asyl in Deutschland dar und skizziert die wichtigsten politischen und institutionellen Veränderungen im Jahr 2015 in den genannten Politikbereichen. Der Politikbericht 2015 ist im Rahmen des Europäischen Migrationsnetzwerkes (EMN) bearbeitet worden.The 2015 Policy Report of the German National Contact Point for the European Migration Network (EMN) gives an overview over the most important political discussions and developments in the areas of migration, integration and asylum in the Federal Republic of Germany in the year 2015. The jump in asylum migration and how to deal with it was the central migration, integration and asylum issue in 2015. The discussion focused on the following points: Welcome initiatives and support networks for asylum seekers; attacks on and xenophobic voices against asylum seekers and their accommodation, migrants and Muslims; border controls, border protection, border closing and caps; stricter asylum rules for groups from certain countries of origin and relief for others and the integration of asylum seekers into the German society. The report refers specifically to measures taken by the Federal Republic of Germany to implement the Global Approach to Migration and Mobility, the EU Strategy towards the Eradication of Trafficking in Human Beings and the European Agenda for the Integration of Third-Country Nationals. The report also describes the general structure of the political and legal system in Germany. The 2015 Policy Report was authored as part of the European Migration Network (EMN)